It takes a village 🥰

The Mums not only nourish their puppies, not only keeps them clean and safe, but as they get up onto their feet, as they interact with her and each other, she teaches them how to play, how to have good manners, and how to respect their elders. Mother dogs, therefore, use their growls, snarks, body postures and sometimes physical reprimands (inhibited nips) to communicate with her puppies without hurting them. This firm yet overall gentle education goes a long way in teaching the puppies the canine version of "stop it." We love that our retired Mums and Dads are also helpful in teaching our pups these essential social cues 🥰